Chart types . The same applies to group_left or group_right. PromQL is designed from scratch and has zero common grounds with other query languages used in time series databases such as SQL in TimescaleDB, InfluxQL or Flux. There's no way in PromQL to increase your cardinality (other than absent (), which can only go from 0 to 1). If a query is evaluated at a sampling timestamp after a time series is marked PromQL is a query language for Prometheus monitoring system. Requirement: Users need to know which type of VMs their pods are running. http_requests_total had a week ago: The @ modifier allows changing the evaluation time for individual instant PromQL: many-to-many matching not allowed: matching labels must be unique on one side : Ramprasath A: 1/25/21 8:49 PM: Hi, I have an expression of a recording rule named node:node_num_cpu:sum and I am planning to add this rule to Thanos-Rule component but it fails in … PromQL is designed to allow the user to select and aggregate time-series data. Label matchers that match empty label values also select all time series that These are described The SQL GROUP BY Statement The GROUP BY statement groups rows that have the same values into summary rows, like "find the number of customers in each country". Use your charts . series. The reason for using a new label is the series would no longer be unique if we just overwrote the "group… stale, then no value is returned for that time series. This is the method that UIs typically use to present you with a list of metric names. If a query needs to operate on a very large amount of data, graphing it might PromQL: many-to-many matching not allowed: matching labels must be unique on one side : Ramprasath A: 1/25/21 8:49 PM: Hi, I have an expression of a recording rule named node:node_num_cpu:sum and I am planning to add this rule to Thanos-Rule component but it fails in … The same applies to group_left or group_right. The Linux Foundation has registered trademarks and uses trademarks. It can be enabled by setting PromQL for Humans PromQL is a built in query-language made for Prometheus. demo_cpu_usage_seconds_total) and just want to see all associated series and their label pairs, you could query for: This should work well most of the time, unless there is a huge number of series attached to the metric name. Time series are grouped by the given set of labels and then the given aggregation function is applied for each group. metric name that also have the job label set to prometheus and their The time supplied to the @ modifier users wanna verify pods are running on GPU VMs. It is designed for building powerful yet simple queries for graphs, alerts or derived time series (aka recording rules). time out or overload the server or browser. PromQL by default effectively does an inner join and requires that labels (except the metric name) on both sides of the expression to be exactly the same and match one-to-one. An open-source monitoring system with a dimensional data model, flexible query language, efficient time series database and modern alerting approach. It uses the Prometheus data representation model in the form of "Key&Value" and returns the results as vectors. The simplest (but not usually practical) possibility is to just list all series that have recent data. With our PromQL support, we have unified the open source monitoring with enterprise observability. A graph appears. Requirement: Users need to know which type of VMs their pods are running. demo_api_request_duration_seconds_bucket), you could query for: ...and you can take this further to count how many series there are for any dimensional combination, such as the le label per job in the same histogram: This way, you are able to get a good idea about the cost split-up of your metrics. Internally, the metric name is stored in a special label with the name __name__, so you could just query for: Caution: This returns all active series, so on a large Prometheus this may overload either your server or your UI. PromQL is a language for creating queries and extracting or filtering data from the Prometheus server. In Prometheus's expression language, an expression or sub-expression can Query builder PromQL-style mode . It does so by simply taking the newest sample before this timestamp. (\nnn) or hexadecimal (\xnn, \unnnn and \Unnnnnnnn). still takes too long to graph ad-hoc, pre-record it via a recording It … All metrics in Prometheus are defined by a combination of a metric name, one or more labels with values, and a number or vector. PromQL by default effectively does an inner join and requires that labels (except the metric name) on both sides of the expression to be exactly the same and match one-to-one. match empty label values. rule. effectively means that time series "disappear" from graphs at times where their The following expression selects all metrics that have a name starting with job:: The metric name must not be one of the keywords bool, on, ignoring, group_left and group_right. DevOps Prometheus has its own language specifically dedicated to queries called PromQL. Unlike Go, Prometheus does not discard newlines inside backticks. For example, the expression http_requests_total is equivalent to This is where group comes in. Below is a straightforward example: Metrics: disk_read_average While the UI tooling for this is still evolving (PromLens and Grafana both have some data exploration features), you can also map out your data using PromQL queries. So let's change, or rather amend, the PromQL grammar specification and add that empty parentheses after GROUP_* modifiers are only optional if the following expression is not wrapped in parentheses. in detail in the expression language functions page. Open in PromLens. This document is meant as a reference. Then you could query for: You could even do this across all metric names / all series: Note: In this latter case, you may again use the label values API endpoint (but this time for the mode label) instead of a PromQL query. PromQL allows aggregating and grouping time series. Strings may be specified as literals in single quotes, double quotes or And with this full PromQL translation to Wavefront Query Language, you can easily migrate your Prometheus data to Tanzu Observability while taking … each resulting range vector element. We hope that this article will be useful the next time you are looking at the data available in a Prometheus server! All rights reserved. Introduction to dashboards . containing elements for all time series that have this metric name. Contribute to prometheus-community/codemirror-promql development by creating an account on GitHub. no value is returned for that time series at this point in time. A given unit must only appear once in a time duration. PromQL topk will show more than expected results on Grafana panels because of this issue. For understanding the semantic meaning of your metrics, their documentation string and metric type information (counter, gauge, histogram, summary) are very useful. single sample value for each at a given timestamp (instant): in the simplest Sysdig Monitor's PromQL support includes all of the features, functions, and aggregations in standard open-source PromQL. name: It is possible to filter these time series further by appending a comma separated list of label varnish_main_client_req) 2. Let's say you wanted to list all possible values for the mode label on the metric name demo_cpu_usage_seconds_total. Introduction to dashboards . Prometheus supports many binary and aggregation operators. PromQL: many-to-many matching not allowed: matching labels must be unique on one side Showing 1-4 of 4 messages. You should keep in mind these tips while writing alerting rules and everything should be fine. PromQL for Humans PromQL is a built in query-language made for Prometheus. select a range of samples back from the current instant. This example selects only those time series with the http_requests_total Syntax: '[' ':' [] ']' [ @ ] [ offset ]. output is only a small number of time series. It can also be used along This is the third part of a multi-course series on Prometheus fundamentals. time. http_requests_total 5 minutes in the past relative to the current evaluate to one of four types: Depending on the use-case (e.g. subsequently ingested for that time series, they will be returned as normal. http_requests_total at 2021-01-04T07:40:00+00:00: Note that the @ modifier always needs to follow the selector above within the limits of int64. Instant Vectors. A PromQL (Prometheus query language) expression for the new alert or record ; Labels that should be attached to the alert or record that identify it (e.g. instant and range vectors in a query. If your UI does not already show you this list in one way or another (it really should! The following expression is illegal: In contrast, these expressions are valid as they both have a selector that does not In the Query editor, where it says Enter a PromQL query, enter tns_request_duration_seconds_count and then press Shift + Enter. Open in PromLens. Each metric will have at least a job label, which corresponds t… Grafana asks, “Hey data source, would you send me this data, organized this way?” Vector selectors must either specify a name or at least one label matcher (hundreds, not thousands, of time series at most). PromQL is designed from scratch and has zero common grounds with other query languages used in time series databases such as SQL in TimescaleDB, InfluxQL or Flux. These 2 queries will produce the same result. form, only a metric name is specified. group always produces 1 as a the value of the aggregation group, but more importantly signifies for anyone reading the PromQL expression that it is the aggregation's label handling that is what's important rather than the numeric result: count without (cpu) (group without (mode) (node_cpu_seconds_total)) The GROUP BY with HAVING clause retrieves the result for a specific group of a column, which matches the condition specified in the HAVING clause. Prometheus can return vectors of two types: syntax. The valid vector matching on the Metrics platform are: Operator Params Supported; ignoring on group_left group_right Only one keyword between on and ignoring can be applied to an operator. Queries are how Grafana panels communicate with data sources to get data for the visualization. {__name__="http_requests_total"}. If we want to get only a few labels in a result, we need to use the by clause (similar to group by in SQL). latest collected sample is older than 5 minutes or after they are marked stale. PromQL is a core part of Prometheus, and understanding it is essential to getting the most out of Prometheus. following units: Time durations can be combined, by concatenation. In this example, we select all the values we have recorded within the last 5 testing, and development environments and HTTP methods other than GET. vector selector to specify how far back in time values should be fetched for It can query metrics by leveraging advanced functions, operators, and boolean logic. Queries. Promscale is the result of a year of dedicated development effort by one of Timescale's engineering teams. Label matchers can also be applied to metric names by matching against the internal This document is meant as a reference. Agreed @brian-brazil, @tcolgate and I discussed this on IRC already. namespace=\"section-b4a199920b24b\"). Here are just a few examples of these types of debug queries, sorted by largest count first: Number of series per job and metric name combination: You may already suspect that a particular label name has many different values. PromQL supports line comments that start with #. their scrapes. One or more labels, which are simply key-value pairs that distinguish each metric with the same name (e.g. backslash begins an escape sequence, which may be followed by a, b, f, It makes things far easier to view, without switching between the two. PromQL is a language for creating queries and extracting or filtering data from the Prometheus server. For an instant query, start() and end() both resolve to the evaluation time. There is one more crucial difference: labels are used to group related alerts together. If no sample is found (by default) 5 minutes before a sampling timestamp, group label set to canary: It is also possible to negatively match a label value, or to match label values independently of the actual present time series data. The new PromQL Explorer allows you to write PromQL queries faster by automatically identifying the common labels among different metrics. i.e. This example selects all time series that have the http_requests_total metric Sometimes you are already working with a particular label name on a given metric and you may just be wondering what all of its values are. These are described A PromQL (Prometheus query language) expression for the new alert or record ; Labels that should be attached to the alert or record that identify it (e.g. Example: To get data of number of agents from the 'agents' table with the following condition - 1. number of agents must be greater than 3, the following SQL statement can be used: SELECT COUNT( * ) FROM agents HAVING COUNT(*)>3; Sample … Use your charts . of time series with different labels. There is one more crucial difference: labels are used to group related alerts together. when graphing vs. displaying the output of an As a Prometheus server administrator, the total number of time series that a server needs to keep track of is one of the main memory and scaling bottlenecks to watch out for. It is a powerful functional expression language, which lets you filter with Prometheus’ multi-dimensional time-series labels. The following label matching operators exist: For example, this selects all http_requests_total time series for staging, A query is a question written in the query language used by the data source. While the PromQL query above gives you the metric names of all series with recent (<5m old) data, this metadata API endpoint will by default give you all metric names that are known to the TSDB at any time. query evaluation time: Note that the offset modifier always needs to follow the selector PromQL has it's own method to manage how to match left and right entry of an operator. group always produces 1 as a the value of the aggregation group, but more importantly signifies for anyone reading the PromQL expression that it is the aggregation's label handling that is what's important rather than the numeric result: count without (cpu) (group without (mode) (node_cpu_seconds_total)) user-specified expression. Add the sum function to your query to group time series by route: sum (rate (tns_request_duration_seconds_count [5m])) by (route) Go back to the sample application and generate some traffic by adding new links, voting, or just refresh the browser.
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