This generic suppression is supported by specific vendors. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Generally, ePC is only aware that the terminal is 5G capable, and RAB modification procedure is used to re-anchor the payload GTP tunnel from eNodeB to 5G NR. Applying this methodology allows enhanced visibility in the control plane within the packet core. It is expected to have lower cost, better … Control User Plane Separation of evolved packet core (EPC) nodes provides for the separation of functionality in the S-gateway, P-gateway and MME. SGTs are applied to authenticated users in order to explicitly allow access for authorized users by using security group access control. Every time you visit this website, use its services or make a purchase, you accept the following conditions. It has been shown historically that this approach allows for threat actors to more easily discover the network topology and pivot across devices to achieve their goal should any of the internal hosts get compromised. Enhanced visibility provides the ability to identify and correlate information from the carrier cloud to baseline-correct behavior and then to measure deviation from that norm. The first step in implementing a zero trust packet core is to understand what policies need to be adhered to and what level of granularity of enforcement is going to be configured. Performance requirements towards the GW will be increased due to the new throughput classes defined for 5G. There will be no need to configure new pools on the RAN side since a dedicated core network (DECOR) is not required for 5G NR early deployment. In addition to integration to ISE, Cisco Stealthwatch is able to analyze encrypted traffic using the Encrypted Traffic Analysis (ETA) feature without decrypting the encrypted traffic. ●    VPN remote access for third-party vendor troubleshooting and for internal remote support, ●    ‘Grey’ management Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF) for transport across MPLS cores, ●    Routed and switched network infrastructure for DCN traffic (e.g., logging, configuration, and performance management), ●    A proxy or “jump-host” to break external communication and provide proxied access, ●    Logging and reporting of user access and commands issued by each user, ●    Out-of-band access to Lights-Out Management (LOM) and console ports (terminal server access). To secure the applications and to prevent the migration of the threats between the virtual components of the infrastructure, Cisco Tetration Analytics™ collects and stores all of the data flows, which allows the user to search them in a flexible manner. Consequently, it is not possible to support a fair use policy for 5G only. The switch or Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) tags (with a Secure Group Tag [SGT]) the traffic. SGSN can also use the same mechanism as the MME. We will continue to communicate with you by posting news and notices on our website and by sending you emails. Each element is assigned a Security Group Tag (SGT), which determines what can communicate based upon the policy. There are no special functions or features for the initial phase, which allow such a sophisticated suppression. Because we are collecting all of the flows north-south and east-west, we built intelligence into the system so that it can map and group your applications autonomously. In case that the MME does not have a generic switch for roamers, a Diameter Routing Agent DRA-based solution is proposed to be implemented to have a generic suppression for all inbound roamers. For a mobile operator, this process may be applied to the MPC/EPC/5GC to provide enforcement between packet core elements. This single, centralized policy rollout reduces the amount of effort required to enforce security across a network and reduces the potential for human error. A typical 5G Core Service-Based Architecture (SBA) is depicted below: - (Click to enlarge) 5G Core Service Based Architecture In SBA, the approach is to adept/evolve/expose/develop the Network … There are two types of attacks: zero-day attacks are threats that are previously unknown, and day-one attacks are threats that have been communicated by the vendor but have not necessarily been patched in the production environment. DUBLIN, Feb. 18, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- The "Global Virtualized Evolved Packet Core (vEPC) Market by Component (Solutions & Services (Professional & Managed)), Deployment Model … Long Term Evolution/Evolved Packet Core (LTE/EPC) is an innovation which depends on GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA technologies, can increase the capacity and speed using a different radio interface together with core network improvements. Stealthwatch Management Console (SMC) will successfully connect and register with the ISE pxGrid node and subscribe to the ISE pxGrid node Session Directory Topic to obtain the MAC address, IP address, last active time, user name, security group, VLAN, domain name, interface device IP, and interface device port ID. It is not recommended to use this for applying data tariffs as the accuracy and timing do not fulfill accuracy requirements. Many of the interfaces in the 5G core rely upon web-based communications, including the Representational State Transfer (REST)-based API, which doesn’t have any predefined security methods, so developers would need to define their own. The network has multiple personnel (employees, vendors, contractors, and sub-contractors) accessing the infrastructure, which includes multi-vendor NFVI, multi-vendor VNFs, and containers for various provisioning, operational, and maintenance purposes. Then, the terminal will only be serviced by 4G instead of 5G. The entire communication with us is electronic. The following controls are available: Source IP Address           - A specific /32 address, a subnet or a range of addresses, Destination IP Address    - A specific /32 address, a subnet or a range of addresses, Protocol                             - TCP- or UDP-based transport protocol, Src Protocol Port              - Source protocol port (0-65535), Dst Protocol Port              - Destination protocol port (0-65535). The 5G Core controls user sessions, mobility, and authentication in a 5G network. The next step is to deploy the policy control and enforcement layer along with the Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) layer using Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) and Duo Security. As they focus on 5G, they are exploring innovations and new operating models that will help... 5G synchronization is crucial for the development and expansion of the new 5G networks. The EPC and 5GC are critical parts of a mobile operator’s infrastructure, which encompasses a diverse range of technologies—from legacy signaling protocols to the latest distributed, virtualized environments which includes multi-vendor NFV & multi-vendor Virtual Network Functions (VNF) based of virtual machines and containers. A specific vendor MME supports an option to apply a standard preconfigured 5G profile, that is 5G support with 4G subscription. Mavenir’s Converged Packet Core Solution allows operators to leverage their existing mobile network while evolving to a 5G core network. In most cases, a starting point of vendor information, Stealthwatch templates and 3GPP-published communication models will be used and refined for each specific use case prior to enabling enforcement mode. Like the 4G Evolved Packet Core (EPC), the 5G Core aggregates data traffic from end devices. In this way, the 5G terminals are anchored in 5G Overlay GWs, even when attached in 2G or 3G coverage. Cisco ISE communicates with the network fabric (routers, switches, firewalls) to program the configured policy. Cisco offers customers the chance to review a wide range of assets. The EPC is the latest evolution of the 3GPP core … Day-one or n-day attacks are attacks where publicly acknowledged vulnerabilities are leveraged before the vendor releases the security patch or the customer has applied the security patch to mitigate the vulnerability. These attacks can be reduced by ensuring that the latest patch is applied to minimize damage caused by the vulnerability exposure. As a result, the same pool of MME addresses is used. The zero trust concept suggests that we should provide the minimum amount of connectivity that is possible between all hosts and devices without impacting functionality, and should allow for enhanced visibility to prevent any data exfiltration. This policy would be centrally configured and enforced within the underlying network that provides connectivity to the packet core elements. The user authenticates to Cisco ISE and the device is verified to make sure it is authorized for access to the requested area of the network. We will provide their services to you, which are subject to the conditions stated below in this terms and conditions. https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/service-provider-security-solutions/5g-security-innovation-with-cisco-wp.pdf, https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/zero-trust-network.html, https://duo.com/partners/technology-partners/select-partners/cisco, https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/stealthwatch/index.html, https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/identity-services-engine/index.html, https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/enterprise-networks/trustsec/index.html, https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/data-center-analytics/tetration-analytics/index.html, https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/about/doing_business/trust-center/docs/trust-anchor-technologies-ds-45-734230.pdf. Tetration acts like a DVR in that it allows you to replay packets from a historical perspective to validate potential network or application changes prior to actually making the change. Figure 2 shows an example of a service provider DCN and multiple remote users accessing the service provider’s network resources. Affirmed Networks’ virtual evolved packet core (vEPC) solution offers mobile network operators the agility and flexibility necessary to keep up with traffic demand, to scale their networks and deliver differentiated services tailored to specific use cases such as: Consumer, IoT, private LTE, Wi-Fi, GiLAN, VoLTE, CUPs, fixed wireless, edge compute and 5G … Australian communications service provider Telstra has successfully deployed cloud-native, container-based Evolved Packet Core for 4G and 5G services based on Intel architecture. The first step is to configure a basic policy template to determine which elements we would like to communicate together. We use cookies to improve your experience on our website. If you subscribe to the news on our website, you might be receiving regular emails from us. 4, Before and after zero trust packet core access security. Zero trust workforces and Data Control Network (DCN) access security. It continuously analyzes network activities and creates a baseline of normal network behavior, then uses this baseline, along with advanced machine-learning algorithms to detect anomalies. Additional differentiators of Duo are explained in the section, “Before and after zero trust security.”, Step 3. NEW YORK, March 11, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- The virtualized evolved packet core (vEPC) market is expected to grow by USD 17.51 billion, progressing at a CAGR of almost 56% during the … Please read these terms and conditions (“terms”, “terms and conditions”) carefully before using www.5ghub.us website (the “service”) operated by 5G HUB (“us”, ‘we”, “our”). 2G and 3G network architectures process and switch voice … In case a subscriber is intercepted, the GW will report signaling and user plane via the well-known X1, X2, and X3 interfaces. The 5G core network: 3GPP standards progress Some folks are saying that the core network will disappear in 5G. The evolving mobile packet core architectures such as 4G control plane and user plane separation (CUPS) and 5GC using Multi-access Edge Compute (MEC) create software-defined perimeters. The ONF has a project that is … And our dedicated Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) manages security vulnerability information related to Cisco products and networks. Risk-based and adaptive access policies provide a control mechanism and the security policies for the users and devices. (There is an implicit ‘deny-all’ after the ALLOW.). Implement multifactor authentication and segmentation, 3. We grant you a limited license to access and make personal use of this website. Although 5G is currently the main driver for mobile providers, other wireless access technologies can be used in conjunction to assist the various technological challenges. It also provides a method to secure and verify users, user access, and privileges as they interact with the mobile packet core, thereby mitigating malicious actions and intent. Traditional networks are based on defined perimeters, where most of the mobile packet core functions are centralized. X1, X2, and X3 interfaces are applicable as they are used today. The evolving mobile packet core architectures such as 4G control … Vendors and subcontractors from various companies can access the servers and VNFs of other vendors and cause unintentional or intentional network impact. E-UTRAN supports Dual Connectivity (DC) operation whereby a multiple Rx/Tx UE in RRC_CONNECTED is configured to utilize radio resources provided by two distinct schedulers, located in two nodes connected via a non-ideal... Introduction Moreover, the MME uses the service parameters received from the DNS server. Therefore, the GW has to be capable of delivering up to 2Gbps towards the X3 interface. An API is a set of tools and protocols used to develop application software. Figure 24 New service-based interfaces between IMS … Cisco’s Secure Boot implementation not only provides a secure boot of signed images, but also anchors a root of trust into hardware components. To prevent malicious actions intentionally and unintentionally, there are three steps through which the operator could deploy a zero trust security architecture in the mobile packet core. In this example, Duo integrates with a Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) VPN to add two-factor authentication to any VPN login, thereby providing and enforcing access security policies based on user, device, and application risk, and verifying the identity of all users. As happened with VoLTE, it is assumed that there will be 5G roaming agreements after some time. 3. By virtualizing Evolved Packet Core (EPC) functionality, mobile providers can theoretically customize networks to meet the unique requirements of individual customers, mixing and matching individual … By visiting this website, you agree that the laws of Washington state, USA, without regard to principles of conflict laws, will govern these terms and conditions, or any dispute of any sort that might come between 5G HUB and you, or its business partners and associates. The introduction of 5G NSA does not have a major impact on the CDR (Charging Data Records) structure and attributes. Cisco ISE can be configured with a log-only option, whereby we can identify what traffic is present and would be dropped should an enforcement policy be applied. Cisco have solutions capable of dynamically learning what is normal behavior for the network, and create a centralized policy that can then be dynamically pushed out to the network infrastructure to enforce security posture. The core will enable network slicing where the operator will be able offer “slices” of its … These categories are classified according to the 5G network requirements and the technical objectives and various... Dual Connectivity (DC) The 5G core is based on a cloud-native architecture with the 5G core network functions being deployed as a microservice in a private data center of the service provider or in a public cloud such as Amazon, Azure, Google Cloud, etc. This paper discusses how to secure the packet core for 4G (also referred to as the Evolved Packet Core [EPC]) and 5G Core (5GC) using the concept of zero trust security. These three steps can help ensure that service providers authenticate users, and continuously monitor and govern their access and privileges. Introduction For the initial deployment, a maximum of 4.2 Gbps bearer will be used and subscribed. So existing charging mechanisms for offline and online charging are applicable but are not 4G or 5G agnostic. After policy simulation and impact assessment, Tetration will provide an automated allowed list policy that can be exported and deployed within your infrastructure for a true zero trust model. Trustworthiness of the user device may be summarized as the trust for both the user identity and the device being used to access the infrastructure. Secure connections to devices and applications may be augmented with adaptive policies, trust in user identities, and trustworthiness of devices. Evolved Packet Core (EPC) is a framework for providing converged voice and data on a 4G Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network. Once we have confirmed this we would then move into a blocking mode. Simply put, no traffic inside a network is any more trustworthy by default than traffic coming from the outside and it is up to an organization to determine under which conditions they decide to trust something—a user or a device—prior to granting access. Figure 12 illustrates ways to secure interfaces. If 5G is deployed... 5G networks will bring solutions to technologies and standards for the next generation of mobile communication infrastructure. According to [2], the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) core network is composed of:. Cisco’s Secure Development Lifecycle program is designed to mitigate the risk of vulnerabilities and increase the resiliency of Cisco solutions. The 5G Core also authenticates subscribers and devices, applies personalized policies and manages the … Zero trust security for the packet core consists of multiple layers of security, establishing trust in user identity, enhanced end-to-end visibility, and trustworthiness of the user device. Multifactor authentication and segmentation. In a zero trust methodology we would wish to limit vendor A to only being able to access elements that they need to support, also limiting the protocols allowed on that interface. This enables Operators to introduce 5G services without having 5G subscriber profiles in the Home Subscriber Server (HSS). Enhance visibility and threat mitigation. Once the policy is configured in Cisco ISE we can deploy in a monitor mode to identify what traffic might be blocked to check our policy before moving into an enforcement mode. ), Port range 49152->65535 – dynamic / private ports. Using the Security Group Tag (SGT), we are able to group each vendor’s access and control access to network and application resources on a granular level. View with Adobe Reader on a variety of devices, Securing interfaces on the mobile packet core (4G and 5G). With 5G, the mobile industry finally has an opportunity to expand traffic while reducing energy consumption across the network. Sensitive data exfiltration could also be mitigated by Cisco Stealthwatch as it provides specific alerts based on suspected events. 2. As the first step, a Virtual Private Network (VPN) could be used for any external access to the service provider’s DCN. In this case, the MME retrieves the subscriber data via the S6a interface towards the HSS. Serving Gateway (SGW): which is the node that connects each UE to the EPC by using a tunneling protocol called GPRS Tunnel Protocol (GTP). An API is the most common interface for interactions between the EPC and 5GC to the orchestration layer. The MME shall suppress any inbound roamer to use 5G services, even though the subscription would allow this. EPC refers to a core … Web Application Firewall (WAF) and API gateways are the two major inline security tools for API protection. Typically, deviations in known good behavior of the carrier cloud and applications that request service and state from it are identified by the security controller and some action is then taken to mitigate the attack or to gain additional visibility. For example, if a user has the right credentials, but is trying to log into the service provider network from a device that in some way doesn’t meet the minimum criteria set by the service provider, they’ll be denied access. Therefore the network shall allow 5G access based on the MNC/NCC level. (At the command line these attributes are: macaddress, ipAddress, lastActiveTime, username, securityGroup, vlan, domainName, interfaceDeviceip, and interfaceDevicePortId). In this way, fixed frequency or accuracy is not guaranteed. In addition, the 3GPP has also published packet core connectivity information, which may aid with this initial policy configuration. An action is then taken to properly identify the miscreant and mitigate the risk. Vendor access into the DCN to provide support assistance is a normal requirement; however credential re-use (sharing a single password for multiple people within the vendor) and the potential for staff churn are all risks that potentially allow unauthorized access to devices. Online charging is so far only applicable for the combined 4G and 5G data stream. Understanding network traffic profiles and potential data exfiltration may be achieved by Cisco Stealthwatch®, which is able to automatically baseline normal traffic and identify data being exfiltrated. This broad attack surface creates gaps in the security posture that can be addressed, as shown in Figure 13, through the use of trusted platforms, visibility solutions, and limiting communication in line with the zero trust methodology. In the evolving architecture towards 5G and the new Service-Based Architectures (SBA) there are new interfaces that need to be secured (see Figure 11). We reserve all rights (but not the obligation) to remove and/or edit such content. Deployed either in standalone or non-standalone modes depending on their reliance on 4G Evolved Packet Core technology, the 5G mobile network is a framework consisting of as many as … 4G mobile network While in 5G, the access network contains the gNB, which provides the radio interface to the UE. The entire compilation of the content found on this website is the exclusive property of 5G HUB, with copyright authorship for this compilation by 5G HUB. Cisco has a selection of pre-configured EPC, MPC, and 5GC Stealthwatch templates available to provide visibility, logging, and alerting of traffic flows. Establishing trust in user identity may be enabled through the use of multifactor authentication (MFA). This can be mitigated through the use of a VPN concentrator in combination with multifactor authentication (MFA) technology. Vendors and subcontractors from various companies can access only the authorized servers and workloads, thereby preventing any malicious attacks. With this change, the MME will not allow any 5G service and signal it down to the RAN.
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